Shear studs are welded to the top flange of structural steel beams to develop composite action with a concrete slab. Single rows require a minimum longitudinal spacing of four and a half inches, with studs aligned over the beam web unless noted otherwise. Multiple rows utilize a staggered layout with a minimum transverse distance of three inches between rows and one and a quarter inches minimum from the edge of the flange to the nearest stud. Triple rows follow similar transverse and longitudinal spacing rules with the center row placed directly over the beam web.
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